Lesson 3
Direct object + Passive infinitive/ Past
Participle
����� �ӡ���� like / want / need / expect + Direct Object (�����ç) + Past Participle (verb 3) ����
Passive Infinitive (to be + verb3) ���;ٴ��� ��� ��ͺ / ��ͧ��� /���繵�ͧ / �Ҵ��ѧ����� ��� ���� ��зӡ���������˹��������
Like / Want/ Need
�� I
would like the oil changed this morning. �ѹ��ͧ��������������¹����ѹ�����ҹ��
Pete
wants his breaks checked before his trip. �շ��ͧ�������������ä����͹����Թ�ҧ
The librarian wants the books to be returned
in good condition.
��ó��ѡ���ͧ������˹ѧ��͵�ҧ� �١���Ҥ׹���Ҿ��
We
would like the pictures to be taken by a professional photographer.
�ǡ��ҵ�ͧ�������ٻ��ҧ� �����ª�ҧ�Ҿ����Ҫվ
Expect
= ����Ѻ Passive Infinitive ��ҹ��
�� The boss expects this job to be done today. ��¨�ҧ�Ҵ��ѧ���ҹ��� �١��������������ѹ���
Maj.
Adams doesn�t expect his orders to be changed. �ѹ��� Adams ���Ҵ��ѧ������觢ͧ�Ҷ١����¹
Passive Causative with have/get
�����ӡ���� have / get 㹡�þٴ͸Ժ�� �������������˵�����ä�㴤�˹�觷��������˹�� ��
Active Causative: ���ٴ����÷��������˹�� (Book 18 Lesson 4)
-
I had Mr. James
repair my roof last week. (have someone do something)
-
I got the
pharmacist fill my prescription. (have someone do something)
Passive Causative: ��㹡óշ�� ���ٴ�������ӤÑ�Ѻ��á�з� �ҡ���� ����з� ���� ����Һ��Ǽ���з�
-
I had my roof
repaired. (have something done)
-
I got my
prescription filled. (have something done)
�ç���ҧ
Passive Causative: Have / Get + Direct Object + Past
Participle |
����¤������ҧ ��ٻẺ���ᵡ��ҧ�ѹ
John |
had |
his prescription |
filled |
Lucy |
got |
her letter |
approved |
I have to |
get |
my hair |
cut |
Did you |
get |
your computer |
fixed? |
How often do you |
have |
your laundry |
done? |
Why doesn�t she |
have |
her car |
checked? |
When was the last time you |
had |
the oil in your car |
changed? |
Reported Simple Past Tense (Indirect Speech)
����ͼ��ٴ��ͧ������� ���� ��§ҹ �֧�˵ء�ó����ҹ������ ���� ����¤ Simple Past Tense ��ͧ�ա������¹�ŧ㹻���¤ 2��� �ѧ���
1.
����¹ Tense �ҡ Simple Past Tense �� Past Perfect Tense
�� Jane said, �Jim joined Golf Club� ����¹�� Jane said (that) Jim had joined the Golf Club.
�Did
Ann attend the meeting?� Al asked ����¹�� Al asked if Ann had attended the meeting.
2.
����¹ ��þ�������ɷ�� 1 ��� 2 ����繺���ɷ����� (�͡�ҡ��� �繡�þٴ���� ���� ��§ҹ �֧�Ӿٴ�ͧ����ͧ)
�� Jim said, �I joined the Golf Club� ����¹�� Jim said (that) he had joined the Golf Club.
Al asked, �Did you attend the meeting, Ann?� ����¹��
-
Al asked Ann whether she had attended the meeting.
-
Al asked Ann if she had attended the meeting.
(�� whether ���� if ���ͧ�ҡ �繻���¤�Ӷ�� Yes-No Question)
���ٴ ����Ƕ֧�Ӿٴ�ͧ����ͧ
Ann said, �Yes, I went to the meeting, Al.�
Ann:
I told Al that I had gone to the meeting. (����иҹ����������¹�ŧ)
Suffix: -ive / -tive /
-ative
��ǹ��ͷ��� ����������� ���� Suffix -ive / -tive / -ative ����������ͷ��� �ӡ���� ���� �ӹ�� �ӹ�鹨С����� �Ӥس�Ѿ�� (Adjective) �¨��դ������º͡�֧ �س�ѡɳ� ���� �س�Ҿ
�� She
talks all the time. She�s very talkative.
Our
farm produces large crops. The land is very productive.
㹺ҧ���Ѿ�� �Ҩ���ա������¹����С� �� �Ѵ��Ñ��� e ��� �� communicate � communicative / create �
creative / defense � defensive 㹺ҧ�� �Ҩ�ա������¹����С�㹤� �� destroy � destructive / persuade � persuasive
Vocabulary
Used (adj.) = ����ͧ, ������ Used
cars are cheaper than new ones.
Function (n.) = ˹�ҷ��, �ش���ʧ�� What is the function of that machine?
Ignite (v.) = �ش�Դ� The fire can be ignited by the cigarette.
Ignition (n.) = ��èش�Դ�
Spark plug (n.) = �����¹ Spark
plug is the device which produces an electrical spark.
Pipe (n.) = ���, ��͹��
Carburetor (n.) = ����������� Carburetor
is a device for mixing gasoline.
Clutch (n.) = ��ѷ� Clutch
is a device used for connecting or disconnecting gear.
Gear (n.) = �����
Hydraulic (adj.) = �к��δ���Ԥ This machine uses the hydraulic system.
Accelerate (v.) = ���, ������������ You have to accelerate the car when you go over the bridge.
Transmit (v.) = ��, ���͡� How
far will this radio transmit the message?
Transmission (n.) = ������͡�
Defect (n.) = �ش����, ��ͺ����ͧ This new machine has a lot of defects.
Defective (adj.) = ����բ�ͺ����ͧ
Look over (v.) = ��Ǩ�ͺ The director is looking over my plan.
Take a look at (v.) = ��Ǩ�ͺ The mechanic should take a look at the engine once a month.
Estimate (v.) = ����ҳ, �����Թ Can
you estimate the cost of this used car?
Align (v.) = �Ѵ�������鹵ç, �Ѵ���ç Please
align the desks in this room.
Wear/ Wore/ Worn out (v.) = �����Ҿ, �˹�����ҡ I wore out after running for 50 KM.
Interior (n.) = ���� What is the color of the interior of your house?
Exterior (n.) = ��¹͡ The exterior of the car looks good.
Altogether (adv.) = ����� ���������� Altogether, there
will be 12 students in this class.
Repair (n.) = ���� My house needs some repairs.
Grammar Exercise Lesson 3
Write the answer to the following questions.
1.
When do you
expect this homework to be finished? (today)
_____________________________________________________
2.
Does Tom need
the oil changed? (yes)
_____________________________________________________
3.
Where would you
like the table put? (in front of the TV.)
_____________________________________________________
4.
What does Sara
want done to her car? (brakes checked)
_____________________________________________________
5.
What does Bill
want done to his trousers? (leg shortened)
_____________________________________________________
Complete the second sentence using the underlined part of the first
sentence.
1.
He asked the
doctor to check his ears.
He had ______________________________________
2.
The commander
will order his men to clean up the area.
The commander will get
_________________________
3.
Sally asked her
brother to change the flat tire.
Sally had
_____________________________________
4.
Bill told the
mechanic to replace the fuel pump.
Bill had ______________________________________
5.
Dave is going
to ask the company to replace the defective carburetor.
Dave is going to get
____________________________
Answer the questions using reported speech.
1.
Jane: We were
at home all morning.
What did Jane say to you?
She said that
___________________________________
2.
Ellen: I waited
more than 2 hours for a bus.
What did Ellen say?
She said that
___________________________________
3.
George: Did you
receive the mail from Susan?
What did George ask you?
He asked me ___________________________________
4.
Sam: Were you
in class all day?
What did Sam ask you?
He asked me
___________________________________
5.
Adams: When did
you arrive home?
What did Adam ask?
He asked
______________________________________
6.
Fred: Where did
Jack go last night?
What did Fred ask?
He asked
________________________________________
Complete the sentences by adding the suffixes �ive,
-tive, or �ative
1.
That tool has a
defect. I don�t want to buy a _____________ tool.
2.
Jill created a
new machine for recycling the paper. She is a very _____________ person.
3.
Mr. Harrison
doesn�t talk much to anyone. He is not very _______________.
4.
My boss tries
to protect his children from everything. He is a very _____________ person.
5.
Tornadoes can
destroy almost anything in their way. They are very _______________ .
Vocabulary Exercise Lesson 3
aligned altogether defects estimate
pipe repairs supplied worn
out
1.
There were a few
boring parts in the book, but _______________ it was a pretty good book.
2.
Some stores
sell cloths which have ______________; these are sold at a cheaper store.
3.
Did the
mechanic make all the ______________ to your car?
4.
The desks in
the office are all _____________ against the wall.
5.
He walks a lot;
his shoes get _____________ quickly.
6.
Bobby and Anna
______________ us with blankets and dishes when we first moved into this house.
7.
Some homes have
plastic water _____________.
8.
I _____________
the repairs will cost you about $85.00.