Lesson 3

Direct object + Passive infinitive/ Past Participle

 

����� �ӡ���� like / want / need / expect + Direct Object (�����ç) + Past Participle (verb 3) ����

Passive Infinitive (to be + verb3) ���;ٴ��� ��� ��ͺ / ��ͧ��� /���繵�ͧ / �Ҵ��ѧ����� ��� ���� ��зӡ���������˹��������

 

Like / Want/ Need

��        I would like the oil changed this morning.                 �ѹ��ͧ��������������¹����ѹ�����ҹ��

            Pete wants his breaks checked before his trip.           �շ��ͧ�������������ä����͹����Թ�ҧ

           

            The librarian wants the books to be returned in good condition.

��ó��ѡ���ͧ������˹ѧ��͵�ҧ� �١���Ҥ׹���Ҿ��

            We would like the pictures to be taken by a professional photographer.

            �ǡ��ҵ�ͧ�������ٻ��ҧ� �����ª�ҧ�Ҿ����Ҫվ

 

Expect  =  ����Ѻ Passive Infinitive ��ҹ��

��        The boss expects this job to be done today.               ��¨�ҧ�Ҵ��ѧ���ҹ��� �١��������������ѹ���

            Maj. Adams doesn�t expect his orders to be changed.           �ѹ��� Adams ���Ҵ��ѧ������觢ͧ�Ҷ١����¹

 

Passive Causative with have/get

            �����ӡ���� have / get 㹡�þٴ͸Ժ�� �������������˵�����ä�㴤�˹�觷��������˹�� ��

Active Causative: ���ٴ����÷��������˹�� (Book 18 Lesson 4)

-          I had Mr. James repair my roof last week. (have someone do something)

-          I got the pharmacist fill my prescription. (have someone do something)

 

Passive Causative: ��㹡óշ�� ���ٴ�������Ӥѭ�Ѻ��á�з� �ҡ���� ����з� ���� ����Һ��Ǽ���з�

-          I had my roof repaired. (have something done)

-          I got my prescription filled. (have something done)

 

�ç���ҧ  Passive  Causative:  Have / Get + Direct Object + Past Participle

                      

 

����¤������ҧ ��ٻẺ���ᵡ��ҧ�ѹ

John

had

his prescription

filled

Lucy

got

her letter

approved

I have to

get

my hair

cut

Did you

get

your computer

fixed?

How often do you

have

your laundry

done?

Why doesn�t she

have

her car

checked?

When was the last time you

had

the oil in your car

changed?

 

 

Reported Simple Past Tense (Indirect Speech)

            ����ͼ��ٴ��ͧ������� ���� ��§ҹ �֧�˵ء�ó����ҹ������ ���� ����¤ Simple Past Tense ��ͧ�ա������¹�ŧ㹻���¤ 2��� �ѧ���

1.      ����¹ Tense �ҡ Simple Past Tense �� Past Perfect Tense

��        Jane said, �Jim joined Golf Club�  ����¹��  Jane said (that) Jim had joined the Golf Club.

            �Did Ann attend the meeting?� Al asked ����¹�� Al asked if Ann had attended the meeting.

2.      ����¹ ��þ�������ɷ�� 1 ��� 2 ����繺���ɷ����� (�͡�ҡ��� �繡�þٴ���� ���� ��§ҹ �֧�Ӿٴ�ͧ����ͧ)

��        Jim said, �I joined the Golf Club� ����¹�� Jim said (that) he had joined the Golf Club.

                        Al asked, �Did you attend the meeting, Ann?� ����¹��

-   Al asked Ann whether she had attended the meeting.

-  Al asked Ann if she had attended the meeting.

                        (�� whether ���� if ���ͧ�ҡ �繻���¤�Ӷ�� Yes-No Question)

            ���ٴ ����Ƕ֧�Ӿٴ�ͧ����ͧ

                        Ann said, �Yes, I went to the meeting, Al.�

                        Ann: I told Al that I had gone to the meeting. (����иҹ����������¹�ŧ)

 

Suffix: -ive / -tive / -ative

��ǹ��ͷ��� ����������� ���� Suffix -ive / -tive / -ative ����������ͷ��� �ӡ���� ���� �ӹ�� �ӹ�鹨С����� �Ӥس�Ѿ�� (Adjective) �¨��դ������º͡�֧  �س�ѡɳ� ���� �س�Ҿ

��        She talks all the time. She�s very talkative.

            Our farm produces large crops. The land is very productive.

㹺ҧ���Ѿ�� �Ҩ���ա������¹����С� �� �Ѵ��ѭ��� e ��� �� communicate � communicative / create � creative / defense � defensive 㹺ҧ�� �Ҩ�ա������¹����С�㹤� �� destroy � destructive / persuade � persuasive

 

Vocabulary

 

Used (adj.) = ����ͧ, ������                     Used cars are cheaper than new ones.

Function (n.) = ˹�ҷ��, �ش���ʧ��              What is the function of that machine?

Ignite (v.) = �ش�Դ�                               The fire can be ignited by the cigarette.

Ignition (n.) = ��èش�Դ�

Spark plug (n.) = �����¹                       Spark plug is the device which produces an electrical spark.

Pipe (n.) = ���, ��͹��                  

Carburetor (n.) = �����������                   Carburetor is a device for mixing gasoline.

Clutch (n.) =  ��ѷ�                               Clutch is a device used for connecting or disconnecting gear.

Gear (n.) = �����

Hydraulic (adj.) = �к��δ���Ԥ             This machine uses the hydraulic system.

Accelerate (v.) = ���, ������������             You have to accelerate the car when you go over the bridge.

Transmit (v.) =  ��, ���͡�                   How far will this radio transmit the message?

Transmission (n.) = ������͡�

Defect (n.) = �ش����, ��ͺ����ͧ                 This new machine has a lot of defects.

Defective (adj.) =  ����բ�ͺ����ͧ

Look over (v.) = ��Ǩ�ͺ                      The director is looking over my plan.

Take a look at (v.) = ��Ǩ�ͺ                The mechanic should take a look at the engine once a month.

Estimate (v.) = ����ҳ, �����Թ              Can you estimate the cost of this used car?

Align (v.) = �Ѵ�������鹵ç, �Ѵ���ç         Please align the desks in this room.

Wear/ Wore/ Worn out (v.) = �����Ҿ, �˹�����ҡ           I wore out after running for 50 KM.             

Interior (n.) = ����                              What is the color of the interior of your house?

Exterior (n.) = ��¹͡                           The exterior of the car looks good.

Altogether (adv.) = ����� ����������     Altogether, there will be 12 students in this class.

Repair (n.) = ����                              My house needs some repairs.           

 

Grammar Exercise Lesson 3

Write the answer to the following questions.

1.      When do you expect this homework to be finished? (today)

_____________________________________________________

2.      Does Tom need the oil changed? (yes)

_____________________________________________________

3.      Where would you like the table put? (in front of the TV.)

_____________________________________________________

4.      What does Sara want done to her car? (brakes checked)

_____________________________________________________

5.      What does Bill want done to his trousers? (leg shortened)

_____________________________________________________

Complete the second sentence using the underlined part of the first sentence.

1.      He asked the doctor to check his ears.

He had ______________________________________

2.      The commander will order his men to clean up the area.

The commander will get _________________________

3.      Sally asked her brother to change the flat tire.

Sally had _____________________________________

4.      Bill told the mechanic to replace the fuel pump.

Bill had ______________________________________

5.      Dave is going to ask the company to replace the defective carburetor.

Dave is going to get ____________________________

Answer the questions using reported speech.

1.      Jane: We were at home all morning.

What did Jane say to you?

She said that ___________________________________

2.      Ellen: I waited more than 2 hours for a bus.

What did Ellen say?

She said that ___________________________________

3.      George: Did you receive the mail from Susan?

What did George ask you?

He asked me ___________________________________

4.      Sam: Were you in class all day?

What did Sam ask you?

He asked me ___________________________________

5.      Adams: When did you arrive home?

What did Adam ask?

He asked ______________________________________

6.      Fred: Where did Jack go last night?

What did Fred ask?

He asked ________________________________________

 

Complete the sentences by adding the suffixes �ive, -tive, or �ative

1.      That tool has a defect. I don�t want to buy a _____________ tool.

2.      Jill created a new machine for recycling the paper. She is a very _____________ person.

3.      Mr. Harrison doesn�t talk much to anyone. He is not very _______________.

4.      My boss tries to protect his children from everything. He is a very _____________ person.

5.      Tornadoes can destroy almost anything in their way. They are very _______________ .

 

Vocabulary Exercise Lesson 3

Use the words in the box to complete the sentences.

                        aligned            altogether                    defects                        estimate

                        pipe                 repairs                          supplied                       worn out

1.      There were a few boring parts in the book, but _______________ it was a pretty good book.

2.      Some stores sell cloths which have ______________; these are sold at a cheaper store.

3.      Did the mechanic make all the ______________ to your car?

4.      The desks in the office are all _____________ against the wall.

5.      He walks a lot; his shoes get _____________ quickly.

6.      Bobby and Anna ______________ us with blankets and dishes when we first moved into this house.

7.      Some homes have plastic water _____________.

8.      I _____________ the repairs will cost you about $85.00.